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KMID : 1011420140190040551
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Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
2014 Volume.19 No. 4 p.551 ~ p.555
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Effect of Visual Sensory Improvement by Amblyopia Treatment on Improvement of Ocular Functions
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Kim Jae-Do
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study is to investigate if the improvement of visual sensory (VS) by amblyopia treatment affects the ocular functions in refractive errors, accommodative errors and phoria at distance and near.
Methods: 10 subjects (17 eyes, mean age of 10.7±2.9 years) who treated amblyopia completely, were participated for this
study. Refractive errors, accommodative errors, and distance and near phoria were compared between before and after treatments of amblyopia. Refractive errors and accommodative errors at 40 cm were measured using openfield auto-refractor (NVision-5001, Shin Nippon, Japan) and using monocular estimated method (MEM) respectively. Phoria was determined at 3 m for distance and at 40 cm for near using Howell phoria card, cover test or Maddox rod.
Results: Mean corrected visual acuity (CVA) significantly increased from 0.46±0.11 (decimal notation) for before amblyopia treatment to a level of 1.03±0.13 for after amblyopia treatment (p < 0.001). For spherical refractive error, hyperopia significantly decreased from +2.29±0.86 D to a level of +1.1±2.38D (p < 0.05) but astigmatism did not significantly change; ?1.80±1.41D for before treatment and ?1.65±1.30D for after treatment (p > 0.05). Accommodative error significantly decreased from accommodative lag of +1.1±0.75D to a level of +0.5±0.59D (accommodative lag) (p < 0.05). Distance phoria significantly changed from eso 2.9±6.17PD (prism diopters) to a level of eso 0.2±3.49 PD (p < 0.05), and near phoria also significantly changed from eso 0.4±2.32PD to level of exo 2±4.9 PD (p < 0.05). There was a high correlation
(r = 0.88, p < 0.001) between improvement of visual acuity and decrease of accommodative lag.
Conclusions: Hyperopic refractive error decreased with improvement of CVA or VS by amblyopia treatment. And the
improvement of VS by amblyopia treatment also improved accommodative error, and changed phoria coupled with accommodation.
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KEYWORD
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Amblyopia, Visual sensory, Ocular functions, Refractive error, Accommodation, Phoria
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